通往星辰の勇士——王の记事本
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Vengeance not of any ethical value
So long as the international organization continues at the stage where the trial and punishment for any crime remains available only against the vanquished in a lost war, the introduction of criminal responsibility cannot produce the deterrent and the preventive effects.
The risk of criminal responsibility incurred in planning an aggressive war does not in the least become graver than that involved in the possible defeat in the war planned.In my opinion it is inappropriate to introduce criminal responsibility of the agents of a state in international life for the purpose of retribution. Retribution, in the proper sense of the term, means the bringing home to the criminal the legitimate consequences of his conduct legitimate from the ethical standpoint. This would involve the determination of the degree of his moral responsibility, a task that is an impossibility for any legal Tribunal even in national life. Conditions of knowledge, of training, of opportunities for moral development, of social environment generally and of motive fall to be searched out even in justifying criminal responsibility on this ground in national life. In international life many other factors would fall to be considered before one can justify criminal responsibility on this retributive theory.
The only justification that remains for the introduction of such a conception in international life is revenge, a justification which all those who are demanding this trial are disclaiming.
It may be contended that indignation at a wrong done is a righteous feeling and that that feeling itself justifies the criminal law.
It is perhaps right that we should feel a certain satisfaction and recognize a certain fitness in the suffering of one who has done an international wrong. It may even be morally obligatory upon us to feel indignant at a wrong done.
But it would be going too far to say that a demand for the gratification of this feeling of revenge alone would justify a criminal law. In national systems a criminal law, while satisfying this feeling of revenge, is calculated to do something more of real ethical value and that is the real justification of the law. Though vengeance might be the seed out of which criminal justice has grown, the paramount object of such is the prevention of offenses by the menace of law.The mere feeling of vengeance is not of any ethical value. It is not right that we should which evil to the offender unless it has the possibility of yielding any good. Two wholly distinct feelings require consideration in this connection. The one is a feeling of moral revulsion and is directed against the crime. The other is a desire for vengeance and is directed against the criminal. To revenge oneself is, in truth, but to add another evil to that which has already been done, and the admission of it as a right is, in effect, a negation of all civil and social order, for thereby are justified acts of violence not regulated by nor exercised with reference to, the social good. There are few who in modern times assert the abstract rightfulness of a desire for vengeance.
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這大概是說,說到底DHL所謂的"末日圣战"只不過是一場戰爭而已.
而,什麼是正義的戰爭和不正義的戰爭,都沒有差別,因為各個國家都有自己的法律理據.
所有"自衛戰爭"的定義並沒有公論,自衛戰爭亦不限於保衛領土的主權,是按國家自行判斷.
DHL認為自己行使自衛權,因為是看到領土給侵略和首都給攻陷.
TTS RT認為自己行使自衛權,因為是看到DHL沒有外交和給認定是第四國的傀儡.
由於這些看法的分歧,國家才會利用戰爭去決定法律理據的高低.
所謂宣傳正義只是利用法律為國家去博取國際社會同情,或使國際社會認可.
然而,正義若真的套於國家的道德行為,是不適合的.
第四~八國亦只會按國家利益辦事,因為國家利益就是國家的道德行為.
因此,"最高正義"只可套於個人對個人,而不是個人對國家,國家對個人或國家對國家.
其他正義只是空話.
而,個人利用正義為國家去散佈仇恨,是沒有倫理價值的,貢獻不了真正的和平. -
[quote]原帖由 [i]bellatrix[/i] 于 2008-11-22 15:58 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=659844&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
這大概是說,說到底DHL所謂的"末日圣战"只不過是一場戰爭而已.
而,什麼是正義的戰爭和不正義的戰爭,都沒有差別,因為各個國家都有自己的法律理據.
所有"自衛戰爭"的定義並沒有公論,自衛戰爭亦不限於保衛領土的主權,是 ... [/quote]
刺刀之下才会有真正的和平。 -
[quote]原帖由 [i]seacat[/i] 于 2008-11-22 23:37 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660102&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
TTS会为其愚蠢付出代价的。
这场战争TTS干的就是搬石头砸自己脚的事情。 [/quote]
UID
60327
帖子
2開主號出來噴過，跳樑戲服XSK XSK XSK
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[quote]原帖由 [i]bellatrix[/i] 于 2008-11-22 23:40 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660105&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
UID
60327
帖子
2開主號出來噴過，跳樑戲服XSK XSK XSK [/quote]
我跟LZ无关系。如果你认为我是MJ，麻烦举证。
我看你倒挺跳梁了。[[i] 本帖最后由 seacat 于 2008-11-22 23:43 编辑 [/i]]
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[quote]原帖由 [i]seacat[/i] 于 2008-11-22 23:41 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660106&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
我跟LZ无关系。
我看你倒挺跳梁了。 [/quote]
啊啊
你跟啥关系了，咱真想看誰無鎖好９屋XSK XSK XSK -
[quote]原帖由 [i]bellatrix[/i] 于 2008-11-22 23:44 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660108&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
啊啊
你跟啥关系了，咱真想看誰無鎖好９屋XSK XSK XSK [/quote]我跟谁啥关系跟我的发言啥关系？
别转移话题了，这不能显示你的高明。 -
[quote]原帖由 [i]seacat[/i] 于 2008-11-22 23:45 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660109&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
TTS愚蠢都会寄希望于RT。
呵呵，还来大谈国家利益。 [/quote]
XSK XSK XSK 你倒別挑撥離間，自作聰明
你註冊的時候咱打滾一年多
你臉皮真的很簿 -
[quote]原帖由 [i]bellatrix[/i] 于 2008-11-22 23:49 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660113&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
XSK XSK XSK 你倒別挑撥離間，自作聰明
你註冊的時候咱打滾一年多
你臉皮真的很簿 [/quote]
打滚多久不代表你有多高明，懂不？ -
[quote]原帖由 [i]seacat[/i] 于 2008-11-22 23:49 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660114&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
打滚多久不代表你有多高明，懂不？ [/quote]
你很高明！戲服！我甘拜下風 -
[quote]原帖由 [i]seacat[/i] 于 2008-11-22 23:55 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660116&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
挑拨离间？这个词真有趣
RT跟TTS什么关系？本来就是两个独 立]国家，还要离间么？
上面不是谈国家利益么，谈谈TTS跟RT有什么共同利益嘛。 [/quote]
你這去問國際关系學者，你都可以翻翻我舊貼
建議學識廣闊的你幹DHL外交XSK
我是大軟新人XSK XSK -
[quote]原帖由 [i]bellatrix[/i] 于 2008-11-23 00:00 发表 [url=http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=660119&ptid=37856][img]http://bbs.xyz-soft.com/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
你這去問國際关系學者，你都可以翻翻我舊貼
建議學識廣闊的你幹DHL外交XSK
我是大軟新人XSK XSK [/quote]
不要回避，我就是问你TTS和RT的具体问题，不要拿教科书来敷衍我。
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